Abstract： Objective To evaluate the application of flexible bronchoscopy for the removal of molds in children with plastic bronchitis(PB)and to summarize key nursing considerations.Methods A retrospective analysis was con-ducted on PB patients treated at the Respiratory Department,Guangzhou Medical University affiliated Women and Chil-dren's Medical Center from January 2019 to December 2023.Data were collected on patient demographics,timing of bron-choscopy,methods and duration of mold removal,complications,and nursing management of complications.Results The study cohort comprised 22 pediatric PB patients(17 males and 5 females)with a median age of 3.00 years(IQR:1.42 to 5.25 years).The mold removal techniques applied were spraying acetylcysteine solution followed by negative pressure suction(11 cases,50.00％),biopsy forceps extraction(3 cases,13.64％)and brush extraction(8 cases,36.36％).The median duration of bronchoscopic manipulation for mold removal was 11.50 minutes(IQR:9.75 to 15.25 minutes).The median number of bronchoscope passes through the glottis was 4(IQR:3 to 5).Bronchoscopic examina-tions were conducted once in 6 patients(27.27％),twice in 12 patients(54.55％),and three times in 4 patients(18.18％).Common complications included intraoperative hypoxia(8 cases,36.36％),airway mucosal bleeding(4 cases,18.18％),postoperative hypoxia(2 cases,9.09％),and laryngeal edema(1 cases,4.55％).All complications were effectively managed with appropriate interventions and nursing care.Conclusion Flexible bronchoscopy combined with various mold removal techniques is a safe and effective approach for managing PB in children,with manageable com-plications.The use of acetylcysteine solution spray in conjunction with negative pressure suction,biopsy forceps,and brush extraction enhances the success rate of mold removal.Proper nursing interventions are crucial for minimizing and managing procedural complications.