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目的:分析头孢哌酮舒巴坦治疗脑卒中后吸入性肺部感染的临床效果及对血清炎症因子水平的影响。方法:队列研究。抽取2021年10月至2023年10月宝鸡市中医医院收治的脑卒中后吸入性肺部感染患者96例，按随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，每组48例。所有患者均行常规治疗，对照组在常规治疗基础上加用头孢他啶治疗，观察组在常规治疗基础上加用头孢哌酮舒巴坦治疗。比较两组临床疗效、炎症因子水平、免疫功能、血气分析指标及不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组治疗总有效率(93.75%，45/48)高于对照组(79.17%，38/48)， P<0.05；且治疗后观察组C反应蛋白、白细胞介素－6、白细胞介素－8、肿瘤坏死因子－α、CD8 ＋、二氧化碳分压[(9.70±1.02)ng/mL、(13.20±1.58)ng/mL、(129.85±13.36)ng/mL、(124.22±19.87)ng/mL、23.36%±1.15%、(42.21±4.53)mmHg，1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa]低于对照组[(13.21±1.58)mg/L、(20.59±2.34)ng/mL、(216.83±16.71)ng/mL、(287.31±25.26)ng/mL、30.21%±1.59%、(58.76±5.39)mmHg]， P<0.05；观察组CD3 ＋、CD4 ＋、氧分压[(59.83±6.25)%、(46.55±4.21)%、(80.33±7.96)mmHg]高于对照组[(45.97±5.30)%、(37.45±3.83)%、(71.49±6.30)mmHg]， P<0.05；两组不良反应发生率比较差异未见统计学意义( P>0.05)。 结论:头孢哌酮舒巴坦能改善脑卒中后吸入性肺部感染患者免疫功能，减轻炎症反应，调节血气分析，且无严重不良反应。

Objective:To analyze the therapeutic effect of cefoperazone sulbactam on patients with inhalation induced pulmonary infection after stroke, and to investigate its influence on levels of serum inflammatory factors.Methods:This study was a cohort study. A total of 96 patients with inhalation induced pulmonary infection after stroke admitted to Baoji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from October 2021 to October 2023 were selected, and they were divided into the control group and the observation group by random number table method, with 48 cases in each group. All patients underwent routine treatment; in addition, the control group received ceftazidime treatment, while the observation group received cefoperazone sulbactam treatment. The clinical efficacy, levels of inflammatory factors, immune function, blood gas analysis indexes, and incidence of adverse reaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group (93.75%, 45/48) was higher than that of the control group (79.17%, 38/48), P<0.05. The levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, cluster of differentiation 8 +, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the observation group were (9.70±1.02) ng/mL, (13.20±1.58) ng/mL, (129.85±13.36) ng/mL, (124.22±19.87) ng/mL, 23.36%±1.15%, (42.21±4.53) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), which were lower than the (13.21±1.58) mg/L, (20.59±2.34) ng/mL, (216.83±16.71) ng/mL, (287.31±25.26) ng/mL, 30.21%±1.59%, (58.76±5.39) mmHg in the control group ( P<0.05); the levels of cluster of differentiation 3 +, cluster of differentiation 4 +, and partial pressure of oxygen in the observation group were (59.83±6.25)%, (46.55±4.21)% and (80.33±7.96) mmHg, which were higher than the (45.97±5.30)%, (37.45±3.83)%, (71.49±6.30) mmHg in the control group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Cefoperazone sulbactam can improve the immune function, alleviate inflammatory response, regulate blood gas analysis, and induce no serious adverse reactions in the treatment of inhalation induced pulmonary infection after stroke.