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目的:通过肾上腺静脉造影分析肾上腺静脉的解剖形态特征，以提高肾上腺静脉取血成功率。方法:本研究为横断面研究。选取2019年1月至2023年10月于大连医科大学附属第一医院确诊为原发性醛固酮增多症并行肾上腺静脉取血的患者。收集入选患者的肾上腺静脉影像资料，统计分析肾上腺静脉开口位置、流入角度和肾上腺静脉形态。肾上腺静脉开口位置定义为平静吸气末导管位置。采用Spearman相关性分析探讨两侧肾上腺静脉开口位置的关系及其与体重指数的相关性。结果:纳入282例双侧肾上腺静脉取血成功且双侧肾上腺静脉显影完全的患者，男性占比57.1%（161/282），年龄（53.3±10.7）岁。左侧肾上腺静脉开口位于第11胸椎中段至第2腰椎上段，其相对于开口位置的流入角度均为向左向上。右侧肾上腺静脉开口位于第11胸椎上段至第1腰椎下段，91.1%（257/282）相对于开口位置的流入角度是向右向下的。左（ r=0.211， P<0.001）、右（ r=0.196， P=0.001）两侧肾上腺静脉开口位置均随体重指数增大而增高。右侧肾上腺静脉开口位置随左侧肾上腺开口位置增高而增高（ r=0.530， P<0.001）。右侧肾上腺静脉造影形态以三角型最为常见［36.5%（103/282）］，而左侧以腺体型最为常见［66.3%（187/282）］。 结论:肾上腺静脉解剖形态多样。熟悉肾上腺静脉形态特点，术中快速准确判别肾上腺静脉对提高肾上腺静脉取血成功率有重要临床价值。

Objective:To analyze the anatomical characteristics of the adrenal veins through adrenal venography to improve the success rate of adrenal venography (AVS).Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Patients who were diagnosed with primary aldosteronism and underwent AVS from January 2019 to October 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University were included. Adrenal vein imaging was collected from the enrolled patients. We performed statistical analysis on the adrenal vein orifice position, inflow angle, and adrenal venography morphology. The adrenal venous orifice was defined as the location where the catheter was placed at the end of the calm inhalation. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between the positions of bilateral adrenal vein orifices and body mass index (BMI).Results:A total of 282 patients with successful bilateral AVS and complete bilateral adrenal vein imaging were enrolled, of whom 57.1% (161/282) were male and the age was (53.3±10.7) years old. The orifice of the left adrenal vein was located between the middle segment of the 11 th thoracic vertebra and the upper segment of the 2 nd lumbar vertebra. The inflow angle relative to the position of the orifice was all leftward and upward. The orifice of the right adrenal vein was located between the upper segment of the 11 th thoracic vertebra and the lower segment of the 1 st lumbar vertebra, and 91.1% (257/282) had a rightward and downward angle of inflow relative to the position of the orifice. The position of the adrenal vein orifices on both the left ( r=0.211, P<0.001) and right ( r=0.196, P=0.001) showed positive correlation with BMI. The position of the right adrenal vein orifice also increased with the position of the left adrenal orifice ( r=0.530, P<0.001). The most common adrenal venography morphology on the right side was triangular (36.5%, 103/282), while the most common venography morphology on the left side was glandular (66.3%, 187/282). Conclusions:The anatomical morphology of adrenal veins are diverse. Being familiar with the morphological characteristics of the adrenal vein and identifying the adrenal vein accurately during surgery has important clinical value in improving the success rate of AVS.